How are global political shifts reshaping the future of aid in Syria?

In discussion with Jouri’s founder, Abdulhamid Qabbani, we delve into the shifting dynamics of the aid landscape in Syria. As the country continues to navigate the aftermath of prolonged conflict, regime change, and associated instability, global political shifts are poised to reshape the way aid is delivered and received. Abdulhamid provides insights into the evolving role of international aid in Syria, the strategies needed to ensure sustainable support for vulnerable communities, and how recent challenges—such as USAID cuts—are affecting the future of humanitarian assistance in conflict-affected regions.

Q.1 How have/will recent political shifts reshape the aid landscape in Syria?

Recent political shifts may make Syria more accessible to international actors. The conflict has led to a quasi-geopolitical division of the country into the Northwest, Northeast, South, and Central regions. Moving forward, a more holistic approach to aid across all of Syria is crucial in fostering unity and addressing needs comprehensively. At Jouri, we have always maintained a strong commitment to this “Whole of Syria” approach. Additionally, NGOs are expected to further localize their efforts, empowering Syrian organizations and communities to take a more active role in aid delivery.

Crucially, these shifts open space for the revitalization of Syria’s private sector. As aid localization advances, the role of Syrian businesses—particularly small and medium enterprises (SMEs)—becomes more significant in service delivery, job creation, and rebuilding supply chains. The private sector can act as a stabilizing force, absorbing the labor market and supporting economic recovery where international organizations might have limited reach.

Furthermore, nationalisation of aid strategies—including the empowerment of Syrian-led institutions and frameworks—can improve accountability, cultural relevance, and long-term sustainability. A nationalised approach ensures that Syrians are not only recipients of aid but also central architects of the reconstruction process.

Q.2 What do you see as the role of international aid in Syria?

Despite shifts in the conflict, Syria remains in crisis, and international aid continues to play a critical role in meeting essential needs, particularly for internally displaced persons (IDPs). With 14 years of conflict depleting resources and creating immense humanitarian needs, international assistance is vital for both immediate relief and long-term recovery efforts. Given the massive scale of destruction, reconstruction will require substantial international support and lifting of sanctions.

While military operations have largely ceased, the economy is in dire straits. International aid remains crucial in supporting the state as it works to meet the needs of millions of IDPs and rebuild its institutions. However, aid must evolve beyond emergency relief. International donors should prioritize programs that stimulate local enterprise, foster public-private partnerships, and build institutional capacity.

In light of significant aid cuts from traditional donors like USAID, the role of philanthropic foundations becomes increasingly vital. Key actors such as the Asfari Foundation, which has long supported Syrian education and civil society, and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, known for its strategic investment in health, agriculture, and development, can play a pivotal role in bridging the funding gap. These foundations often provide more flexible, innovative, and long-term funding, which is critical in unstable contexts where traditional aid models may be rigid or politically constrained.

Q.3 With aid restrictions and shifting donor engagement, what strategies can be adopted to ensure sustainable support for Syria’s most vulnerable communities?

Investing in livelihoods and capacity-building for income-generating activities is essential for long-term sustainability. For instance, with the right training and investment, Syria could develop a skilled labor force capable of attracting international companies, bringing foreign currency into the country and improving overall living conditions.

In this context, the private sector becomes a vehicle for economic resilience. Support for local entrepreneurs, access to microfinance, and legal reform to stimulate business activity can all contribute to reducing aid dependency. International actors should engage more intentionally with businesses as part of their recovery strategies.

Meanwhile, nationalisation should be seen as a pathway to sovereignty and stability. Local ownership of humanitarian and development programs increases their effectiveness and legitimacy. Donors should consider shifting more decision-making power and financial control to Syrian institutions ensuring that recovery efforts align with national priorities and foster inclusive development.

Moreover, philanthropic foundations are uniquely positioned to fund pilot initiatives, foster local leadership, and support innovative solutions that may fall outside the scope of government or multilateral funding. Their role can be catalytic, especially in building long-term capacity for education, healthcare, and economic empowerment—areas where Syria faces profound challenges.